Why like charges repel and unlike charges attract?

Why like charges repel and unlike charges attract?

So, to start with this you’ll have to know a bit about what actually charge is.

#Charge: - It is measure of degree of interaction of a particle or object with electromagnetic field.

Does charge of a particle defines its energy?

Answer to this is a BIG “NO”.    So, what defines energy level of a particle?

It is charge density of the particle!!!

So, through this concept “Electrons” are more energetic than “Protons” and “Neutrons”. Which might be the reason behind this attraction.

To understand this, we will take an example:

Suppose you are in an adiabatic and isothermal system and you have been given a bread which is really HOT!!!  And you were told not to drop this bread what will you do?   Answer is simple you’ll just transfer the bread from one hand to other so that you don’t burn your either hand you’ll do this as quick as possible, to do this you’ll brings your hands closer and closer to do the decrease the time.

Same is the case with electrons, protons and neutrons. Electrons being most energetic, they are most unstable in an isolated system and thus when a proton or a neutron is brought near it, it transfers its extra energy to the other particle through photon exchange making other particle more unstable, which in turns transfers energy packets back to the electrons. This ‘to and fro’ motion of packets is same as jumping bread in above analogy and thus the particles come near to each other to increase the effectiveness of the process.

When unlike particles come near each other this photon transfer makes either of the two unstable thus they increase their distance to reduce the effectiveness of the transfer process.

The same case happens with any of the pair.

#Proton-electron

#Electron-Neutron

#Proton-Neutron

And that also explains that why neutral objects do not repel each other.

# “The effective distance to which photon transfer occurs is the field of the particle”